IDEA Method E

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IDEA Method
E-Gull Method
"Smack~M~BackDown 2003"
The Write Way

The Original E-Gull Method
For use with Non-Dry Matrix Formulations (NDMF)

The IDEA Method
For use with Dry Matrix Formulations (DMF)

Disclaimer: Introduced for informational and educational purposes only.
All abbreviations will be highlighted in RED and some will be linked to the definition
Special considerations will be highlighted in BOLD

The main purpose of these two methods are to effectively isolate polymer inactives and some antihistamines included in over-the-counter (OTC) medicines containing pseudo-ephedrine hydrochloride (p-fed.hcl.) allowing easier separation/extraction of the main excipient using alcohol (alky) as the extraction medium.
The degree of purity will vary depending on the the alcohols used, verses the formulation of OTC where either technique is applied.

Special Importance: Four major problem areas in the past have surrounded the removal of Triprolidine (TRIP), Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CHLORPHEN MAL), Povidone (POV), and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). All four have been successfully eliminated when a Tetrachloroethylene (TCE) Wash {E-Gull Method} was performed prior to the alcohol extraction stage.

To date, there exist two major groupings in formula preparations of these OTC's, comprised of inactive ingredients (Gaak), in all strengths/brands, and are included as preferred embodiment denaturants by the Pharmaceutical Industry, identified as follows:
NDMF

FILTRATION

Two areas of consideration involve the filtering of the pill mass (PM) at two stages during this process:
•Loose Filtration is to be used immediately following the TCE wash of the PM and can be accomplished using one single coffee filter. This loose filtration is necessary to allow for the polys transport away from the PM via the TCE. If this flow is restrictive, the Poly's will re-cleave to the p-fed. It's important that all polys be removed from the PM, so this single filter/PM ball need to be squeezed of excess TCE.

•Fine Filtration is to be used immediately following the alky soaks of the PM and can be accomplished using a funnel with the stem packed with either a Charmin Plug or cotton balls and the basket of the funnel lined with 3 coffee filters. After the PM settles in 3 times the amount of alky, the alky will be somewhat clear, and this alky will need to be pulled off the PM, put through the fine filtration device and collected in an evap dish.

MnkyBoy's Cracked Pearls (Tomb-stones)

If one was to come across several 120 mg/12 hr decongestants (aka Pearls), a simple task to crack the shells to get at the pearls inside is to use acetone.

With the pills freshly removed from their vacuum-packed slumber place into a WIRE MESH food strainer. (Use a strainer that isn't to fine, nor to coarse)
Place the strainer inside a bowl deep enough so that the pearls are below the top of the bowl
Take DRY acetone and proceed to pour enough over the pearls so that they are covered with an excess of about 1/2 inch tone
After a minute or so one will notice that the pearl shells are split open and the pearl meat is starting to fall out. Now raise and lower the strainer in the tone. The pearl meat should be falling through the strainer to the bottom of the bowl.
After a few dunks, start sifting the shells in the strainer LIGHTLY. Do not press or force the hulls through the strainer.
Discard the spent hulls.
Decant the tone which is a milky/whitish color and add a bit more tone, enough to cover the pearl meat. Swirl around for a bit and then decant the tone.
Tap the bowl on the counter to dislodge excess tone and decant this tone.
DO THE FOLLOWING EXACTLY AS STATED FOR OPTIMAL EFFECTIVENESS: Set the tone wetted pearl meat aside with a fan lightly blowing ACROSS the top of the bowl or at a slight angle.
WALK AWAY
After about a half hour check the contents of the bowl. Notice a top skin layer? Is it cracking? Carefully check the underlying powder to see if it is still saturated with tone. If so let it dry longer. If it is dry, carefully remove the plastic skin layer from the top of the powder. Discard. (Or use it at the park next time as a frizbee). If after extracting the e from the PM, yields are low, check the skin you pealed off. If the tone was wet, this skin can contain some e. Hint: That's why the DRY tone.
Do with the fine powder as one wishes.

Ingredients for The E-gull Method
	1 box NDMF p-fed (any count...24,48,96) 1 can TCE Denatured Alcohol
Ingredients for The IDEA Method
	1 box DMF p-fed (any count...24,48,96) 1 can TCE Denatured Alcohol Isopropyl Alcohol Acetone
Utensils Needed For Both Methods
	Mortar&Pestle Fine Strainer Evap Plates Funnel Single edge Razor Blade	Coffee Filters Cotton Balls Tall Glass Jar (Spice Jars work well) Stainless Steel Bowl Pipette, eyedropper or syringe
Non-Descript Items of Importance for NDMF & DMF
•If Using RedHots (pills with red dye coating), it is important to visually identify the type coating used. There are two types to date. One consists of a shiny coating and the other a dull coating. The shiny coating can be rinsed off without breaking into pill. This is done by soaking for a few minutes in a small amount of acetone (tone) followed by rinsing the pills with distilled water(dh2o) until the color washes off. This can be done in a large strainer or colander. It's important to put these washed pills onto a paper towel and allowed to dry before crushing, especially if the DMF is present. The skin barrier between the pill and the coating will be somewhat sticky when damp and it's possible to remove that skin by gently rubbing the pills between the paper towels thereby removing one more obstacle from the picture. The dull coating presents a problem with the above procedure because the outer layer consists of some of the main excipient (hence, the dullness) and washing tends to penetrate the pill surface causing some yield loss. It is safe to proceed without removing the outer coating on these types. •The importance in crushing the pills to a fine powder is critical to success. The surface area of the p-fed must come in contact with the TCE in order to separate and attract the polymer molecules (polys) away from the p-fed. This is especially critical with the DMF pills because of the dry compaction method they employ in pressing these formulations. •The first phase of both these methods is a wash only....NOT A SOAK! If the pills are allowed to sit in solution for longer than necessary, the polys will re-bond with the p-fed and stay behind with the PM upon filtering! It's necessary to squeeze off the excess TCE after the PM is poured into the single filter following the TCE wash. If poly re-bonding occurs, a re-wash will become necessary after completely drying the PM. Drying can be achieved by simply pouring the PM ball onto a Legull size sheet of notebook paper, breaking up and spreading out. Drying can be sped up by moving this gritty PM powder around on the sheet of paper and grease spots can be seen where ever the damp PM has been! Complete Dryness is achieved when the Dry Cleaner smell is no longer present. •After the TCE wash and dry, you're ready to proceed into the second phase or the extraction phase. This phase, it has been learned, is time sensitive as well. Any shortcuts or deviations will result in unexpected results, lower yields, or GAAK being pulled along with the p-fed. The Dry PM should be put through a fine sieve strainer, collected onto a piece of paper and then poured into a tall jar capable of holding the PM plus 75% more in liquid volume...i.e. PM=25% Alky=75%. The Alky needs to be poured onto the PM inside the jar, then stirred well. This extraction solution needs to settle until the alky is clear. The alky needs to be pulled off the top of the PM, without disturbing or collecting any of the PM. Then this liquid needs to be put into a fine filtration device and collected onto an evap plate. Repeat this addition of alky to the PM until all p-fed is pulled from the PM. DO NOT HEAT this solution to speed up drying. Up to 50% yield loss has been reported when heating was performed by others and the only explanation for this would likely be due to evaporation. The evap plate can be put on top of a lampshade that puts at least 6 inches or 15.24cm between the bulb and plate.
The E-Gull Method
Step1	Crush Non Dry Matrix Formulation (NDMF) pseudo-ephedrine (p-fed ) pills to a powder and pass through a fine sieve strainer. •NOTE...If using redhots and they are shiny, remove and dry prior to crushing
Step2	Measure out Tetrachloroethylene (TCE) to ~3 times the volume of Pill Mass (PM) in separate tall jar.
Step3	Put crushed PM in SS Bowl and pour the TCE over the PM. Stir until all floats freely in solution and immediately pour all into Single Coffee Filter lined funnel with no stem packing. Take can of TCE with Spray Tube provided and spray down sides of filter to collect all PM in the bottom of filter. Carefully squeeze excess fluid out of filter and PM to remove as many polymers as possible.
Step4	Open Filter and pour the PM ball onto a piece of Legal Sized Printer Paper. Break up PM ball and spread out flat to dry. Dry thoroughly at room temp until no dry cleaner smell is detected. Do Not Heat! Moving PM around on paper assists in drying. When dry, pass gritty PM through fine sieve strainer. Pour PM powder into clean Tall Glass Jar.
Step5	Cover PM in jar with denatured alcohol (alky) to ~3 times the volume of PM. Stir thoroughly and let settle until the alky is clear. Settling time will vary depending on amount and type of inactives (Gaak) initially present. Never let this PM sit too long past the clear stage because it will start to absorb the Gaak.
Step6	While waiting, set up fine filtration device. Either Charmin plugged funnel or cotton ball packed stem/multi-layer coffee filter lined basket funnel. When the alky/p-fed solution is clear, pull the alky off the top of the PM without disturbing or collecting any of the PM and put the solution into the fine filter funnel that's positioned securely over the evap collection plate. Repeat Step5 three times or until 90-95% of the expected yield is pulled and collected.
Step7	The later pulls may reveal some strange crystals in the collection plate. Prior to scraping, a simple re-dissolve using alky and swirling will expose the pinwheel crystals which should collect in the center of the plate upon re-evaporation! Scrape up just the pinwheel crystals. Save the strange crystals for a re-re-dissolve after amassing several plates full for optimum recovery!
The Egull in a NutShell Pin The Tale on Ibee ENJOY!

The IDEA Method
Step1	If using 120mg (12hr)or 240mg (24hr), An outer coating exists that would be better if it's removed first. This can be accomplished by either using Mnkyboy's Acetone Soak or simply cracking the outer layer with a mortar and pestle and passing through a strainer. Crush Dry Matrix Formulation (DMF) pseudo-ephedrine (p-fed ) pills to a powder and pass through a fine sieve strainer. •NOTE...If using redhots and they are shiny, remove and dry prior to crushing
Step2	Mix as follows in separate jar: (IDEA Juice) •60% TCE •15% Denatured Alky •15% Isopropyl Alky •10% Acetone
Step3	Put crushed PM in SS Bowl and pour the IDEA Juice over the PM. Stir until all floats freely in solution and immediately pour all into Single Coffee Filter lined funnel with no stem packing. Take can of TCE with Spray Tube provided and spray down sides of filter to collect all PM in the bottom of filter. Carefully squeeze excess fluid out of filter and PM to remove as many polymers as possible.
Step4	Carefully open filter and pour the PM ball onto a GLASS plate. Don't use paper for the drying surface. Break up PM ball and spread out flat to dry. Avoid handling too much while wet as the p-fed will attach to whatever it touches. Dry thoroughly at room temp until no dry cleaner smell is detected. Do Not Heat! When dry, pass gritty PM through fine sieve strainer. Pour PM powder into clean Tall Glass Jar.
Step5	Cover PM in jar with denatured alcohol (alky) to ~3 times the volume of PM. Stir thoroughly and let settle at least three hours until the alky is clear. Settling time will vary depending on amount and type of inactives (Gaak) initially present. Never let this PM sit too long in alky past the clear stage because it will start to absorb the Gaak.
Step6	While waiting, set up fine filtration device. Either Charmin plugged funnel or cotton ball packed stem/multi-layer coffee filter lined basket funnel. When the alky/p-fed solution is clear, pull the alky off the top of the PM without disturbing or collecting any of the PM and put the solution into the fine filter funnel that's positioned securely over the evap collection plate. Repeat Step5 two times or until 50-70% of the expected yield is pulled and collected.
Step7	Also while waiting after filtration device is set up, pour denatured alky on top of the reserved IDEA juice, cap and shake. Let sit until the denat separates to the top. After all the initial p-fed is pulled off the PM and filtered, put the denat/pfed through the filter that was collected off the top of the IDEA juice and collect in a separate evap dish!
Step8	If any pulls reveal some strange crystals in the collection plate. Prior to scraping, a simple re-dissolve using alky and swirling will expose the pinwheel crystals which should collect in the center of the plate upon re-evaporation! Scrape up just the pinwheel crystals. Save the strange crystals for a re-re-dissolve after amassing several plates full for optimum recovery!

That's The IDEA!
Pin The Tale on the Honkey
ENJOY!

Glossary
Tetrachloroethylene or Perchloroethylene	Molecule derived from ethylene in which all hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine atoms; used as a degreasing solvent. It's widely used in the Dry Cleaning Industry as well as the Automotive Industry. It is sold OTC as Brake Parts and Electrical Parts Cleaner in aerosol cans with carbon dioxide as the propellant.

•Non-Dry Matrix Formula (NDMF)	Most Non-Extended Release preparations, but not as a rule. The Identifying Rule exists in the following
•Dry-Matrix Formula (DMF)	Any preparation containing these two inactives combined will indicate the presence of the DMF: HydroxyPropylMethyl Cellulose (HPMC) Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)
Chlorpheniramine Maleate	Monograph Number: 2198 Title: Chlorpheniramine CAS Registry Number: 132-22-9 CAS Name: g-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-pyridinepropanamine Additional Names: 2-[p-chloro-a-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)benzyl]pyridine; 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-dimethylaminopropane; 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-N,N-dimethylpropylamine; 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-pyridyl)-N,N-dimethylpropylamine; g-(4-chlorophenyl)-g-(2-pyridyl)propyldimethylamine; chlorprophenpyridamine; chlorphenamine Trademarks: Haynon (R. P. Drugs) Molecular Formula: C16H19ClN2 Molecular Weight: 274.80. Percent Composition: C 69.93%, H 6.97%, Cl 12.90%, N 10.19% Literature References: Synthesis: Sperber et al., US 2567245, US 2676964 (1951, 1954, both to Schering). Prepn of d-form: L. A. Walter, US 3061517 (1962 to Schering). Solutions: Foley, Ilavsky, US 2766174 (1956 to Schering). Pharmacology: F. E. Roth, W. M. Govier, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 124, 347 (1958). Toxicity data: R. B. Smith et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 28, 240 (1974). Comprehensive description: C. G. Eckhart, T. McCorkle, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 7, 43-80 (1978). Properties: Oily liquid, Boiling point: bp1.0 142° Derivative Type: Maleate CAS Registry Number: 113-92-8 Trademarks: Allergisan (Pharmacia); Antagonate (Miles); Chlor-Trimeton (Schering); Chlor-Tripolon (Schering); Cloropiril; C-Meton (SS Pharm); Histadur (Cooper); Histaspan (USV); Lorphen (Geneva); Piriton (Allen & Hanburys); Pyridamal-100 (Bel-Mar); Teldrin (SK & F) Molecular Formula: C16H19ClN2.C4H4O4 Molecular Weight: 390.87. Percent Composition: C 61.46%, H 5.93%, Cl 9.07%, N 7.17%, O 16.37% Properties: Crystals, mp 130-135°. uv max (water): 261 nm (e 5760). Soly in mg/ml at 25°: ethanol 330; chloroform 240; water 160; methanol 130. Slightly sol in benzene, ether. pH of a 2% aq soln about 5. LD50 orally in mice: 162 mg/kg (Smith). Melting point: mp 130-135° Absorption maximum: uv max (water): 261 nm (e 5760) Toxicity data: LD50 orally in mice: 162 mg/kg (Smith) Derivative Type: d-Form CAS Registry Number: 25523-97-1 Additional Names: Dexchlorpheniramine; d-chlorpheniramine Properties: Oily liquid. [a]D25 +49.8° (c = 1 in DMF). Optical Rotation: [a]D25 +49.8° (c = 1 in DMF) Derivative Type: d-Form maleate CAS Registry Number: 2438-32-6 Trademarks: Fortamine; Isomerine; Phenamin (Nycomed); Phendextro; Polamin (Schering); Polaramine (Schering); Polaronil (Schering); Sensidyn (Leiras) Properties: Crystals from ethyl acetate, mp 113-115°. [a]D25 +44.3° (c = 1 in dimethylformamide). pH of 1% soln 4-5. Melting point: mp 113-115° Optical Rotation: [a]D25 +44.3° (c = 1 in dimethylformamide) Therap-Cat: Antihistaminic. Therap-Cat-Vet: Antihistaminic.
Polyethylene Glycol	Monograph Number: 7651 Title: Polyethylene Glycol CAS Registry Number: 25322-68-3 CAS Name: a-Hydro-w-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) Additional Names: macrogol; PEG Trademarks: Carbowax (Union Carbide); Pluracol E (BASF); Poly-G (Olin); Polyglycol E (Dow) Literature References: Liquid and solid polymers of the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is greater than or equal to 4. In general, each PEG is followed by a number which corresponds to its average mol wt. Synthesis: Fordyce, Hibbert, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 61, 1905, 1910 (1939). Reviews: Glycols, G. O. Curme, Jr., F. Johnston, Eds., A.C.S. Monograph Series no. 114 (Reinhold, New York, 1952) pp 176-202; Kastens in High Polymers, H. Mark et al., Eds., vol. 13 entitled Polyethers, part 1 (Interscience, New York, 1963) pp 169-189, 274-291; G. M. Powell, III in Handbook of Water-Soluble Gums & Resins, R. L. Davidson, Ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1980) pp 18/1-18/31. Properties: Clear, viscous liquids or white solids which dissolve in water forming transparent solns. Sol in many organic solvents. Readily sol in aromatic hydrocarbons. Only slightly sol in aliphatic hydrocarbons. Do not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage, will not support mold growth. Solvent action on some plastics. Polyethylene glycols are compds of low toxicity: Smyth et al., J. Am. Pharm. Assoc., Sci. Ed. 39, 349 (1950). Toxicity data (PEG 400): W. Bartsch et al., Arzneimittel-Forsch. 26, 1581 (1976). Derivative Type: Polyethylene glycol 200 Properties: Average value of n is 4, mol wt range 190-210. Viscous, hygroscopic liq; slight characteristic odor; d2525 1.127. Viscosity (210°F): 4.3 centistokes. Supercools upon freezing. Density: d2525 1.127 Derivative Type: Polyethylene glycol 400 Properties: Average value of n between 8.2 and 9.1, mol wt range 380-420. Viscous, slightly hygroscopic liq; slight characteristic odor; d2525 1.128. mp 4-8°. Viscosity (210°F): 7.3 centistokes. LD50 orally in rats: 30 ml/kg (Bartsch). Melting point: mp 4-8° Density: d2525 1.128 Toxicity data: LD50 orally in rats: 30 ml/kg (Bartsch) Derivative Type: Polyethylene glycol 600 Properties: Average value of n between 12.5 and 13.9, mol wt range 570-630. Viscous, slightly hygroscopic liq; characteristic odor; d2525 1.128. mp 20-25°. Viscosity (210°F): 10.5 centistokes. Melting point: mp 20-25° Density: d2525 1.128 Derivative Type: Polyethylene glycol 1500 Properties: Average value of n between 29 and 36, mol wt range 1300-1600. White, free-flowing powder; d2525 1.210. mp 44-48°. Viscosity (210°F): 25-32 centistokes. Melting point: mp 44-48° Density: d2525 1.210 Derivative Type: Polyethylene glycol 4000 Properties: Average value of n between 68 and 84, mol wt range 3000-3700. White, free-flowing powder or creamy-white flakes; d2525 1.212. mp 54-58°. Viscosity (210°F): 76-110 centistokes. LD50 orally in rats (divided doses): 59 g/kg (Smyth). Melting point: mp 54-58° Density: d2525 1.212 Toxicity data: LD50 orally in rats (divided doses): 59 g/kg (Smyth)
Povidone	Monograph Number: 7783 Title: Povidone CAS Registry Number: 9003-39-8 CAS Name: 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer Additional Names: 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymers; poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)ethylene]; polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvidone; PVP Trademarks: Kollidon (BASF); Luviskol (BASF); Periston (Bayer); Plasdone (ISP); Protagent (Alcon-Thilo) Literature References: Homopolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, produced commercially as a series of products having mean mol wts ranging from 2,500 to 1,000,000. Prepd by free radical polymerization of the monomer. See J. W. Reppe, Acetylene Chemistry, (PB Report 18852-s, U.S. Dept. Commerce, 1949) pp 68-72. Review of clinical use and early literature: W. Wessel et al., Arzneimittel-Forsch. 21, 1468-1482 (1971); of synthesis and physical properties: H. Warson, Polymers Paint Colour J. 161, 637-644 (1972); F. Haaf et al., Polymer J. 17, 143-152 (1985); of use in cosmetics: F. G. M. Vogel, Soap Cosmet. Chem. Special. 65, 42-47, 128 (1989). Book: PVP: A Critical Review of the Kinetics and Toxicology of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Povidone), B. V. Robinson et al., Eds. (Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, 1990) 209 pp. Comprehensive description: C. M. Adeyeye, E. Barabas, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip. 22, 555-685 (1993). Size exclusion chromatography: C. Wu et al., Chromatog. Sci. Ser. 69, 311 (1995). Properties: White, hygroscopic powder. Sol in water, alcohol, chloroform, formic acid, acetic acid, N-methylpyrrolidone, methylcyclohexanone, dichloromethane, ethylenediamine, glycerol, diethyleneglycol, PEG 400. Insol in xylene, toluene, diethylether, ethylacetate, acetone, cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dioxane, carbon tetrachloride, mineral oil. Derivative Type: Crospovidone Additional Names: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone; PVPP Trademarks: Divergan (BASF); Kollidon CL (BASF); Polyclar (ISP); Polyplasdone XL (ISP) Literature References: Crosslinked insoluble homopolymer of NVP. Review of properties and applications: A. H. Bronnsack in Proc. Intl. Symp. Povidone, G. A. Digenis, J. Ansell, Eds. (Univ. Kentucky, Coll. Pharmacy, Lexington, 1983) pp 471-490. Comprehensive description: E. S. Barabas, C. M. Adeyeye, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip. 24, 87-163 (1996). Properties: Free flowing, white, almost tasteless powder. Hygroscopic; swells on contact with water. Insol in water, strong mineral acids, caustic solns, and common organic solvents. Derivative Type: Monomer CAS Registry Number: 88-12-0 CAS Name: 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone Additional Names: N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone; NVP Molecular Formula: C6H9NO Molecular Weight: 111.14. Percent Composition: C 64.84%, H 8.16%, N 12.60%, O 14.40% Properties: Clear to light straw colored liquid. bp14 96°, bp400 193°. Freezing pt 13.5°. d424 1.04. nD25 1.511. Flash pt (open cup) 100.5°C (213°F). Viscosity (25°): 2.07 cps. Sol in water and many organic solvents. Boiling point: bp14 96°; bp400 193° Flash point: Flash pt (open cup) 100.5°C (213°F) Index of refraction: nD25 1.511 Density: d424 1.04 Derivative Type: Complex with iodine see Povidone-Iodine Use: Povidone as pharmaceutic aid (dispersing, suspending and viscosity-increasing agent; tablet coating and binder). Thickener, dispersant, lubricant, film-forming agent and binder in cosmetics. Stabilizer, diluent, and dye dispersant in food. Dye dispersant in paper and textiles. Adhesive; paper coating. Coating and processing aid in photographic products. Manuf of plastics and rubber. Cryoprotectant for biological samples. Crospovidone as pharmaceutic aid (tablet binder and disintegrant); clarifying and stabilizing agent in beverages. Monomer as dispersant and wetting agent in pigments. Therap-Cat: Povidone formerly as a synthetic blood plasma expander. Crospovidone as antidiarrheal.
Triprolidine	Monograph Number: 9817 Title: Triprolidine CAS Registry Number: 486-12-4 CAS Name: 2-[(1E)-1-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propenyl]pyridine Additional Names: trans-2-[3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-p-tolylpropenyl]pyridine; trans-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-pyrrolidino-1-p-tolylprop-1-ene; trans-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-pyrrolidinoprop-1-ene Molecular Formula: C19H22N2 Molecular Weight: 278.39. Percent Composition: C 81.97%, H 7.97%, N 10.06% Literature References: Histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Prepn: Adamson, US 2712020; US 2712023 (both 1955 to Burroughs Wellcome); Adamson et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1958, 312. Structure-activity studies: Ison, Casy, J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 23, 848 (1971). Crystal and molecular structure: James, Williams, Can. J. Chem. 52, 1880 (1974). Pharmacokinetics and antihistaminic effects in humans: K. J. Simons et al., J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 77, 326 (1986). Comprehensive description: S. A. Benezra, C.-H. Yang, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 8, 509-528 (1979). Properties: Crystals from light petr, mp 59-61°. uv max (ethanol): 236, 285 nm (e 15300, 6800). Melting point: mp 59-61° Absorption maximum: uv max (ethanol): 236, 285 nm (e 15300, 6800) Absorption maximum: uv max (ethanol): 236, 285 nm (e 15300, 6800) Derivative Type: Hydrochloride monohydrate CAS Registry Number: 6138-79-0 Manufacturers' Codes: 295C51 Trademarks: Actidil (Wellcome); Actidilon (Wellcome); Pro-Actidil (Wellcome); Pro-Entra (Wellcome-Sumitomo); Venen (Tanabe) Molecular Formula: C19H22N2.HCl.H2O Molecular Weight: 332.88. Percent Composition: C 68.56%, H 7.57%, N 8.42%, Cl 10.65%, O 4.81% Properties: Crystals from water, mp 116-118°. uv max (ethanol): 235, 283 nm (e 15000, 7400). Moderately sol in water, ethanol, methanol. Melting point: mp 116-118° Absorption maximum: uv max (ethanol): 235, 283 nm (e 15000, 7400) Derivative Type: Oxalate Molecular Formula: C19H22N2.C2H2O4 Molecular Weight: 368.43. Percent Composition: C 68.46%, H 6.57%, N 7.60%, O 17.37% Properties: Crystals from methanol, dec 173-174°. uv max (ethanol): 233, 283 nm (e 16200, 8200). Absorption maximum: uv max (ethanol): 233, 283 nm (e 16200, 8200) Therap-Cat: Antihistaminic.