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Der Marderosian AH.
“Nomenclatural History of the Morning Glory, Ipomoea violacea (L.)”.
Taxon. 1965 Sep;14(7).
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Abstract
In the past few years there has been a resurgence of interest in synthetic and botanical sources of substances capable of eliciting hallucinatory responses. Current interest in LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) and its use in both psychopharmacological and sociological studies has largely been responsible for this. However, due to misuse, recent controls by the United States Government have been imposed on the distribution and use of LSD. C1,1sequently, other sources of hallucinatory materials have been sought.
Publication of the use of lpomoea violacea L. and Rivea corymbosa (L.) Hallier Ģii. seeds in Southern Mexico by Schultes, MacDougall, and Wasson and the subsequent isolation of the active Lysergic acid type derivatives by Hofmann, et al., has led to experimentation to ascertain whether lpomoeas growing in the temperate zones contain these same principles. Taber, et al. reported the presence of these same substances in a number of commercially available morning glories but some confusion existed as to the correct botanical names of these. This has partially been resolved by Der Marderosian, et al. in a preliminary publication. The further elucidation of the nomenclatural problem of one of these, viz. lpomoea violacea L., is the subject of this paper.
The first report of the use of the seeds of lpomoea violacea L. by MacDougall refers to it as lpomoea tricolor Cav. However, Wasson later stated that the plant was identified at the National Herbarium in Washington as lpomoea violacea L. Although the binomial lpomoea tricolor Cav. has been widely used, and confusion has arisen between this name and lpomoea violacea L., Schultes and Wasson, in agreement with House, the American specialist in the Convolvulaceae, stated that both names actually refer to one polymorphic species. Realizing that very critical work with the older collections in the European botanical centers, especially the British Museum of Natural History, will be needed before the ultimate clarification dispels all vestiges of doubt, I wish to offer the following notes on the nomenclature of the species.
The older name, lpomoea violacea L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 161 has priority over its synonym lpomoea tricolor Cav. le. Pl. Rar. 3 (1794) 5, t. 208. according to a comi1lete description and list of synonyms by House in the Annals of the New York Academy of Science (1908). The synonomy given by House is as follows:
"172. / pomoea violacea L. Sp. Pl. 161 1753
lpomoea foliis cordatis intergerrimis, floribus confertis, corallis indivisis, Sauv.
Monsp.114.
Quamoclit foliis amplissimis cordiformibus, Plum. Sp. 3; Arn. pl. 93. f. 1. Sloan.
Jam. 55 Hist. 1 : 155. pl. 98. f. 1.
Convolvulus indicus Mill. Diet. No. 5. 1768.
lpomoea tricolor Cav. le. Pl. Rar. 3: 5. pl. 208. 1794.
Convolvulus violaceus Spreng. Syst. 1: 399. 1825.
Convolvulus venustus Spreng. I.e.
lpomoea rubrocaerulea Hook. Bot. Mag. pl. 3297. 1834.
Pharbitis violacea Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 227. 1837. - Choisy m DC. Prodr. 9:
344. 1845.
Tereietra violacea Raf. FL Tellur. 4: 124. 1838.
lpomoea hookeri G. Don, Gen. Syst. 4: 274. 1838.
Pharbitis rubrocaeruleus Planch. Fl. des Serres 9: 281. pl. 966. 1854.
C onvolvulus rubrocaeruleus D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. 1: 670. 1839.
lpomoea puncticulata Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 136. 1845 - S. Wats. m Proc.
Arn. Acad. 22: 440. 1887."
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